Information Systems Engineering |
The following course Information Systems Engineering is provided in its entirety by Atlantic
International University's "Open
Access Initiative" which strives to make knowledge
and education readily available to those seeking advancement
regardless of their socio-economic situation, location
or other previously limiting factors. The University's
Open Courses are
free and do not require any purchase or registration,
they are open to the public.
The course in Information Systems Engineering contains the following:
- Lessons in video format with explaination of theoratical content.
- Complementary activities that will make research more about the topic , as well as put into practice what you studied in the lesson. These activities are not part of their final evaluation.
- Texts supporting explained in the video.
The Administrative Staff may be part of a degree program paying up to three college credits. The lessons of the course can be taken on line Through distance learning. The content and access are open to the public according to the "Open Access" and " Open Access " Atlantic International University initiative. Participants who wish to receive credit and / or term certificate , must register as students.
Lesson 1: INFORMATION SYSTEMS ENGINEERING
An information system (IS) is a computerized database designed to accept, store, process, transform, make useful, and analyze data and to report results, usually on a regular, ongoing basis. It is often construed as a larger system including not only the database and the software and hardware (see information technology) used to manage it but also including the people using and benefiting from it and also including all necessary manual and machine procedures and communication systems.
The term is however also used in the broader sense of "any means for communicating knowledge from one person to another, such as by simple verbal communication, punched-card systems, optical coincidence systems based on coordinate indexing, and completely computerized methods of storing, searching, and retrieving of information". The term is also sometimes used in more restricted senses to refer to only the software used to run a computerized database or to refer to only a computer system.
Lesson 2: WHAT IS INFORMATION SYSTEM ENGINEERING
WHAT IS INFORMATION SYSTEMS ENGINEERING? Information systems are computer-based infrastructures, organizations, personnel, and components that collect, process, store, transmit, display, disseminate, and act on information.1 information systems generally provide computer-based assistance to people engaging their environment where engagements and environments are often too complex and dynamic to be handled manually. Complex, dynamic engagements and environments require people to analyze and draw conclusions from an abstracted representation of the world, which enables them to make discrete decisions to achieve a desired effect in the world commensurate with their roles, tasks, and capabilities.
Lesson 3: Software design
Software design is the process by which an agent creates a specification of a software artifact, intended to accomplish goals, using a set of primitive components and subject to constraints. Software design may refer to either "all the activities involved in conceptualizing, framing, implementing, commissioning, and ultimately modifying complex systems" or "the activity following requirements specification and before programming, as ... [in] a stylized software engineering process."
Software design usually involves problem solving and planning a software solution. This includes both low-level component and algorithm design and high-level, architecture design.
Lesson 4: Search-based software engineering
DEFINITION: Search-based software engineering (SBSE) is an approach to apply metaheuristic search techniques like genetic algorithms, simulated annealing and tabu search to software engineering problems. It is inspired by the observation that many activities in software engineering can be formulated as optimization problems. Due to the computational complexity of these problems, exact optimization techniques of operations research like linear programming or dynamic programming are mostly impractical for large scale software engineering problems. Because of this, researchers and practitioners have used metaheuristic search techniques to find near optimal or good-enough solutions.
Lesson 5: SOFTWARE ENGINEER
These terms cause confusion, because some denied any differences (arguing that everyone does essentially the same thing with software) while others] use the terms to create a difference (arguing the terms mean completely different jobs).
In 2004, Keith Chapple of the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics counted 760,840 software engineers holding jobs in the U.S.; in the same period there were some 1.4 million practitioners employed in the U.S. in all other engineering disciplines combined. The label software engineer is used very liberally in the corporate world. Very few of the practicing software engineers actually hold Engineering degrees from accredited universities. (See also Regulation and licensure in engineering.)
Lesson 6: Systems development life cycle
A systems development life cycle is composed of a number of clearly defined and distinct work phases which are used by systems engineers and systems developers to plan for, design, build, test, and deliver information systems. Like anything that is manufactured on an assembly line, an SDLC aims to produce high quality systems that meet or exceed customer expectations, based on customer requirements, by delivering systems which move through each clearly defined phase, within scheduled time-frames and cost estimates. Computer systems are complex and often (especially with the recent rise of service-oriented architecture) link multiple traditional systems potentially supplied by different software vendors. To manage this level of complexity, a number of SDLC models or methodologies have been created, such as "waterfall"; "spiral"; "Agile software development"; "rapid prototyping"; "incremental"; and "synchronize and stabilize".
Lesson 7: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER INFORMATION SYSTEMS/INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Information systems are much the same, there are elements and procedures to work to complete a task. The difference is information systems are used to generate information for the users on a need bases. Information systems manage and process data as soon as they are created, they can also be used for long term planning or just the day to day work. While systems are great and can ease your life, they are static, which means someone will need to change the systems when new needs arise. This is called system development. While it could be costly, there really is a need for system development since things change constantly. Whether there are new laws or a new policy within the company.
Lesson 8: INFORMATION SYSTEMS, ORGANIZATIONS, AND STRATEGY
WILL THE NEW US AIRWAYS BE ABLE TO FLY?
In September 2005, US Airways and America West Airlines merged to create something that may shake up the airline industry: a low-cost full-service airline. The new company, which retains the US Airways name, combines a fully developed national route network, first class seating, and customer loyalty program comparable to those offered by traditional airlines such as American and Continental with low prices competitive with budget carriers such as JetBlue, AirTran, and Southwest Airlines. The merging companies couldn’t have been more different in terms of their business strategies, organizational culture, and information systems: US Airways, which originated with the formation of All American Aviation in 1939, was a traditional hub-and-spoke carrier with an older workforce, lumbering bureaucracy, and a rigid information systems function that had been outsourced to Electronic Data Systems (EDS).
Lesson 9: INFORMATION SYSTEMS, ORGANIZATIONS, AND STRATEGY II
ECONOMIC IMPACTS From the point of view of economics, IT changes both the relative costs of capital and the costs of information. Information systems technology can be viewed as a factor of production that can be substituted for traditional capital and labor. As the cost of information technology decreases, it is substituted for labor, which historically has been a rising cost. Hence, information technology should result in a decline in the number of middle managers and clerical workers as information technology substitutes for their labor (Laudon, 1990). As the cost of information technology decreases, it also substitutes for other forms of capital, such as buildings and machinery, which remain relatively expensive
Lesson 10: INFORMATION SYSTEMS, ORGANIZATIONS, AND STRATEGY III
There is probably a 7-Eleven store in your neighbor- hood, and it’s a convenient place for picking up a can of Coke or a quick ham-and-cheese sandwich. It’s the largest convenience retailer in the world and the number one convenience store chain in the United States, with 5,300 stores. This company started out about 75 years ago as an ice-dock operator. When refrigerators started replacing iceboxes, the manager of each store asked customers one-by-one what items they’d like to stock in their new appliances. By asking customers directly and stocking only the items customers most wanted, the company grew and prospered. Over time, the company moved away from its roots, losing touch with customers along the way.
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